A crusty old guy once told me that a Huey would run on Johnny Walker Black.
Props can be run on any source of power that can drive a shaft. Back in the '50s nuclear craze the USAF looked at nuclear powered, i.e. stream driven, bombers. Unfortunately, despite the promise of unlimited aerial endurance, the weight issues, not to mention the potential disaster in the event of a mishap, made it a non-starter.
Solar power is actually going to drive some technology-demonstrator UAVs. Unfortunately, this will only have limited application.
In the end, the best way to go fast is the old "suck, squeeze, bang, blow" method (also the title of an interesting porn flick). That means a combustible fuel, and the best source of that is oil products. Look for more exotic sources to be used as the price goes up, e.g. shale oil, but for the near future, that's it.
