Our Intel LTJG wore them, got them in our squadron. FROM WHAT I UNDERSTAND....It's a little similar to EAWS, as far as understanding basic avtion terminology, and then doing a NATOPS PQS/Syllabus for whatever airframe you are trying to qualify in. Example being, in a P-3 the observer has to check in on ICS in the aft and report anything unusual during starts. But there are specific malfunctions and evidence he has to look for. It isn't particularly difficult or anything, just a little studying, track down guys to signt he PQS, and get a checkride. Maybe a review board, I'm not sure.