I put 90% of the blame there. They are the "enablers" that have allowed this sorry situation to develop over the past 60 years.
I'm not defending the Navy's mismanagement but Congress bears some blame here as well. When you minimally fund large projects across multiple life cycles of components you may end up with a better project but it will cost more. The V-22 and F-22 are prime examples of that.
I think Congress bears a lot less of the blame than you think. Sure, there are some shennanigans on Congress' part when it comes to spreading the wealth, but there are a litany of programs that have not had a whole lot of congressional attention or interference that have been budgeting fiascos. They are an easy target, but I don't think they are the ones to be focusing on.
If you look at the track record of the Nimitz class as they've built more they've gotten very good at getting them done ahead of schedule and under budget
I would hope so, they have been building the same basic ship for 35 years.
Raw materials have gone up......costs of shipyard workers today are a whole lot higher than it was......the raw cost of electronics have gone down over time but the engineering behind them has gotten much more complicated.....a lot more high-end engineering where before it was a team of Naval Architects and Engineers
I think most of the blame can be spread equally between the military and the contractors. We have allowed our oversight of programs to become lax while constantly adding requirements to programs in the middle of their design, development, construction and deployment. This is not limited to just one program, the list of programs that have spiralled in cost includes all services and all types; SIBRS, the AAAV, LCS, Future Combat System, National Security Cutter, AH-1Z/UH-1Y, C-130AMP, etc. All of those can't be blamed mostly on Congress, there is something wrong with the system.
SIBRS and the C-130 AMP cost overruns can largely be laid at the feet of the contractors (look them up, they are/were both worth billions) while the AAAV and the UH-1Y/AH-1Z can be partly blamed on shifting requirements and some unrealistic ones.
And we don't even do anything when contractors do something blantantly wrong, like the contractors with the USCG National Security Cutter and 123' Patrol Boats, that were delievered with cracks in the hull.
Blaming Congress and saying it is the cost of doing business is a disservice to the military, and ignores the systemic problems that need to be fixed with the DoD procurement process.