I almost thought i had written this post myself. DukeAndrewJ's history is virtually identical to mine, i bailed on a phd and left school with an MS, drug use (3x, last time was 2 yr ago), MIP at 19 yo, pretty much everything.
I applied for the NUPOC program a number of months ago but wasn't offered an interview in DC, i am now reapplying for a SWO slot. I had a reasonably strong application, my recruiter and processor are pretty certain what kept me out of the nukes was my MIP and prior drug use. However, i was still granted a drug waiver before my application was submitted. Understand that putting things likes these on your application IS going to hurt your chances of getting selected, even if it doesn't automatically disqualify you.
As far as an MIP is concerned, you absolutely need to divulge that information. Like drug use, an MIP is not going to look good on an application, but shouldn't be a serious issue. it is very far removed from anything that would disqualify you. any court record will be the first thing that will show up during a background investigation, and if you "forgot" to include this information on your application or SF-86, there is little chance of being granted a security clearance.
I am not surprised that your recruiter is hinting for you to ignore your situation with adderall. I have gotten the feeling that a significant amount of applicants are being less than genuine about their history of drug use, whatever the type. Abuse of prescription drugs on that scale is not going to be a DQ (they are looking for something Rush Limbaugh-esqe), but again, it isn't going to help your application.
Basically, if you are completely honest, you're gonna have some negatives on your application and might not get pro-req'd. however, if you are selected, you needn't worry about getting a final select, if you are pro-rec'd, the navy has effetively already decided that you are eligible for a clearance (provided that the subsequent background investigation doesn't turn up something you didn't include on your application).
on the other hand, if you lied your ass off on the application, you would stand a better chance at getting pro-rec'd, but might get fucked over before you get a final select based on the information that a background investigation uncovered, and that you neglected to divulge on your app.
i hope that answers some questions.