An essential program that is in dramatic need of reform. Lets start with one simple yet highly effective step: A high percentage of working, contributing Americans have to pass a urinalysis in order to CONTRIBUTE TO SOCIETY. It isn't too much to expect that if you need their money, you too should be subject to a urinalysis.
Many good, hard working Americans fall victim to poor economic times or unfortnuate circumstances, or are simply unable to provide for themselves and others; this should be the purpose of welfare; to serve as a springboard to help these people get a job and succeed, or provide for people that can't.
Let's say that every welfare reliant person in this country has exactly eight months (of continued welfare) to get (or stay) clean. After the eighth month, EVERY WELFARE DEPENDANT will be subject to a urinalysis every two months. They will be tested for controlled substances (Marijuana, Opiates, Methanphetomines(sp), etc). If you fail the test, you get a retest. If you fail the retest, no welfare check for you, period. Once you fail your retest, YOU HAVE TO PAY for a retest in the future after you get clean, of which you have to pass in order to receive welfare.
The welfare program will no longer be a contributor to this country's drug problem. The welfare program needs more reform than this, but this step will make it a drug free program and also will help decrease the cost of the program.
There are a lot of issues with your premises here:
1. It is true that some employers require drug tests for employment. However, this is not required by federal law. If welfare is a legal entitlement, you can't make it contigent on a drug test. That's like saying you can't get social security unless you pass a drug test.
2. Your solution to spending too much on welfare is to spend more money to make sure that welfare recipients are spending their money in a way that's suitable to you. If the goal is to REDUCE gov't spending, I think you can see the issue here.
3. I'm guessing that the premise of requiring these drug tests is that you believe that drug use leads someone to be a waste of life. However, there are plenty of people who use drugs recreationally and are still functional, productive members of society. More importantly, welfare recipients are not guarunteed to spend their money on something "productive," even if they never touch drugs.
My take:
Firstly, welfare (ie collect a check for being unemployed) is not "necessary." As phrog already pointed out, it's pretty insignificant at this point, but I still think it's worth doing away with it -- every little bit counts.
Secondly, this country's "drug problem" is the vast amount of tax money our government wastes on trying to put people behind bars for victimless crimes. It costs money to hire personnel to man organizations that focus on catching drug offenders. It costs money to prosecute suspects. It costs money to house, feed, and clothe those inmates, in addition to hiring enough personnel to man the prisons. Despite this, drug use has been unaffected. If prohibition teaches us anything, it's that the government cannot outlaw a product that has a high demand.
End this government obsession with drugs, and you'll suddenly find a lot of budget money leftover when a whole bunch of drug-centered gov't agencies become obsolete.