WRT economic dis-incentives for a Chinese attack on Taiwan, I haven't seen mentioned here the "Silicone Shield". I only just got informed when TSMC began building a huge plant in Phoenix (INTEL's backyard), and my son, an engineer in new product development and testing at INTEL schooled me. China is highly dependent on Taiwan's TSMC for their chips. More over, of the most highly advanced chips, mostly US designed, TSMC manufactures over 90% of them via license. China simply can not supply enough of it's own chips to build weapons, ships, aircraft or intelligence systems to make war, let alone keep their economy afloat suppling consumer goods to the west. An interruption or embargo of chips to China would be more debilitating than oil has been to Russia.
Additional considerations, whatever disruption the loss of Taiwan chips would have on China, if the TSMC plants were destroyed in combat or scuttled, the disruption would be world wide. If the Chinese take Taiwan without destroying the TSMC plants, they then control the manufacturing and distribution of the most advanced chips in the world, because the US designed chips are not made hardly anywhere else.
Taiwan’s global dominance of semiconductor fabrication has upset the status and the dynamics of U.S.-China competition
www.stimson.org
The island dominates production of chips powering advanced civilian and military technologies. If conflict erupted, its fabrication plants would be in jeopardy.
www.reuters.com