A fun question to speculate on while we wait. Say a Growler got locked up by an Iranian F-14's radar. One might assume the Growler is screwed because it carries nothing for self-defense and can't outrun the F-14. However, could the Growler, potentially defend it's self by locking on to the F-14's radar and shooting a HARM at it?
Oh! This is a fun one, and something I can actually speak on!
Two things immediately come to mind...
1. The type of weapon that the Iranian F-14 would use and how they employ it will drastically change how this works.
a. If it's a Phoenix (of which they only have the AIM-54A) fired in a Track-while-Scan, the Growler potentially won't know the missile has been fired at it until the Phoenix's seeker head goes Pitbull at terminal distance. This also assumes that the Tomcat is able to hold an acceptable TWS soft-lock on the Growler and that the Growler wasn't prepared to intercept and attack the Tomcat's radar. The
big assumption here is that the Growler (for some reason) either doesn't actively jam the Iranian Tomcat's radar from the get-go (and therefore prevent the Tomcat's FCS from building a track profile) or doesn't have a profile loaded to stop it. (I have no classified or unclassified information on what the Growler can actually do or how well it can respond to an unbriefed threat radar). In this situation, the Growler wouldn't have any reason to fire a HARM at the Tomcat's rough location, and the Tomcat's radar return would (possibly) be harder to track given the sweeping nature of the way the radar would illuminate the Growler and its HARM. By the time they're being fired on, the Tomcat has already closed distance and there's no good reason to attempt turning hot against it... especially if they've fired more than one Phoenix.
b. If it's a Phoenix fired in a Pulse-Doppler Single Target Track, the Growler
could notch 90 degrees towards the Tomcat, attempt to jam its radar, slide into the Main Lobe Clutter filter, and then return a HARM in its direction, but the distance at which the Tomcat's radar would 'burn through' the Growler would likely bring them fairly close together. The bright side is that the A model of Phoenix can't guide itself if fired in an STT, so the missile would be dead the moment the lock was broken. If the Tomcat loses lock, the HARM isn't going to be able to 'ride the beam' back to the Tomcat. So, great. You've broken the lock, but you now have no way to send a HARM back at it. Why not just use an AMRAAM, instead? Or, if it gets too close, use a fancy AIM-9X? (Spoiler... the Growler absolutely carries self-defense missiles.)
c. If it's a Sparrow (or more specifically the AIM-7E model the Iranians had), they'll need to hold a pulse STT on the Growler the entire time (as these models couldn't hone-on-jam like the MH/P models could). While this maybe doesn't sound as scary as the other two options above, I think this one would be the most dangerous one, as the AWG-9's radar is incredibly powerful, and it's very difficult to break a Tomcat's lock when it has something in a pulse STT. (Scary enough, they could also use their Phoenixes this way, basically turning them into a Sparrow with twice the range.)
2. The theater in which the engagement happens.
This is the biggest "if" of the entire scenario.
If the Growler knows the Tomcat is there, and the Growler knows that the Tomcat will attempt to engage them, there's no way that Growler is going to be out there alone. On top of that, there's no way that the Growler isn't going to know that Tomcat is coming from a
significant distance and immediately scramble its lock attempts. The RCS of a Tomcat is... big. And with the Radar on both the F-35's and the E-2D supporting it, that Tomcat is going to get shot down the moment after it decides to lock up
anything.
I love the Tomcat... but this doesn't end well for it in any situation.